Cov hmoov qhuav yog hais txog cov khoom siv granular lossis hmoov uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw, cov khoom siv inorganic cementitious, thiab cov khoom ntxiv uas tau qhuav thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas hauv qee qhov sib piv. Cov khoom ntxiv uas siv rau cov hmoov qhuav yog dab tsi? Cov hmoov qhuav feem ntau siv Portland cement ua cov khoom siv cementitious, thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv cementitious feem ntau suav txog 20% txog 40% ntawm cov hmoov qhuav mortar; Feem ntau cov aggregates zoo yog xuab zeb quartz thiab xav tau ntau qhov kev kho ua ntej xws li ziab thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias lawv qhov loj me thiab zoo ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov mis; Qee zaum cov tshauv ya, hmoov slag, thiab lwm yam kuj raug ntxiv ua cov khoom sib xyaw; Cov khoom sib xyaw feem ntau siv me me, xws li 1% txog 3%, tab sis muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Lawv feem ntau raug xaiv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov mis khoom kom txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, txheej txheej, lub zog, shrinkage, thiab kev tiv thaiv te ntawm cov mortar.
Cov hom tshuaj ntxiv hmoov qhuav uas siv ntau yog dab tsi?
Cov hmoov latex uas yaj tau dua tshiab
Cov hmoov latex uas yaj tau dua tuaj yeem txhim kho cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no hauv cov hmoov qhuav:
① Cov dej khaws cia thiab ua haujlwm tau ntawm cov mortar sib xyaw tshiab;
② Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv;
③ Qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov mortar;
④ Lub zog khoov thiab kev sib koom ua ke;
⑤ Hnav tsis kam;
⑥ Kev Muaj Peev Xwm Rov Qab Tau;
⑦ Kev sib zog me me (tsis pub dej nkag).
Daim ntawv thov ntawmhmoov latex uas yaj tau dua tshiabHauv cov tshuaj pleev plastering mortar nyias, cov vuas ceramic binder, cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa sab nraud, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv pem teb uas nws tus kheej tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Tus neeg sawv cev khaws dej thiab ua kom tuab
Cov khoom ua kom dej noo feem ntau suav nrogcov cellulose ethers, hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers, thiab lwm yam. Cov cellulose ether siv rau hauv cov hmoov qhuav mortar feem ntau yog methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC) thiab hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC).
Tus neeg sawv cev txo dej
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj txo dej yog txo qhov xav tau dej ntawm cov mortar, yog li txhim kho nws lub zog compressive. Cov tshuaj txo dej tseem ceeb siv rau hauv cov hmoov qhuav mortar suav nrog casein, naphthalene based water reducing agent, melamine formaldehyde condensate, thiab polycarboxylic acid. Casein yog ib qho superplasticizer zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov mortar txheej nyias, tab sis vim nws qhov xwm txheej ntuj, nws qhov zoo thiab tus nqi feem ntau hloov pauv. Naphthalene series water reducing agents feem ntau siv β- Naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate.
Cov tshuaj coagulant
Muaj ob hom tshuaj coagulants: accelerator thiab retarder. Cov tshuaj accelerating siv los ua kom cov mortar khov thiab ua kom sai, thiab calcium formate thiab lithium carbonate siv dav heev. Aluminate thiab sodium silicate kuj siv tau ua cov tshuaj accelerator. Cov retarder siv los ua kom qeeb qeeb qhov khov thiab ua kom cov mortar khov, thiab tartaric acid, citric acid thiab nws cov ntsev, nrog rau gluconate tau siv zoo.
Tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv dej
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj polymer xws li hlau chloride, cov tshuaj organic silane, cov ntsev fatty acid, cov fiber polypropylene, thiab styrene butadiene roj hmab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej hlau chloride muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv dej, tab sis nws yooj yim rau xeb ntawm cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv hlau. Cov ntsev calcium uas tsis yaj uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntsev fatty acid nrog calcium ions hauv cov cement theem tso rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha capillary, ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev thaiv cov qhov hws thiab ua rau cov phab ntsa capillary no ua cov nplaim hydrophobic, yog li ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv dej. Tus nqi ib chav ntawm cov khoom no qis heev, tab sis nws siv sijhawm ntev los sib tov cov mortar nrog dej kom sib npaug.
fiber
Cov fibers siv rau cov hmoov qhuav mortar suav nrog alkali resistant iav fiber, polyethylene fiber (polypropylene fiber), high-strength thiab high modulus polyvinyl cawv fiber (polyvinyl cawv fiber),ntoo fiber, thiab lwm yam. Cov feem ntau siv yog cov fibers polyvinyl cawv muaj zog thiab modulus siab thiab polypropylene fibers. Cov fibers polyvinyl cawv muaj zog thiab modulus siab muaj kev ua tau zoo dua thiab tus nqi qis dua li cov fibers polypropylene uas xa tuaj. Cov fibers tau faib tsis sib xws thiab sib npaug hauv cov cement matrix, thiab sib txuas nrog cov cement kom tiv thaiv kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab nrib pleb me me, ua rau cov mortar matrix ntom, thiab yog li muaj kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv dej thiab kev cuam tshuam zoo thiab tawg. Qhov ntev yog 3-19 hli.
Tshuaj ua npuas ncauj
Tam sim no, cov hmoov defoamers siv rau hauv cov hmoov qhuav mortar feem ntau yog polyols thiab polysiloxanes. Kev siv cov defoamers tsis tsuas yog kho cov npuas dej xwb, tab sis kuj txo qhov ntsws. Hauv kev siv ua haujlwm, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo, ntau yam khoom ntxiv yuav tsum tau siv tib lub sijhawm. Ntawm lub sijhawm no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam khoom ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom ntxiv. Tsawg dhau los cuam tshuam cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom ntxiv; Ntau dhau, tej zaum yuav muaj kev phiv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-29-2023